By Osaka University.
Great progress in creating new fundamental technologies such as medical applications and non-destructive inspection of social infrastructures
The Institute of Laser Engineering (ILE), Osaka University, has succeeded to reinforce the Petawatt laser “LFEX” to deliver up to 2,000 trillion watts in the duration of one trillionth of one second (this corresponds to 1000 times the integrated electric power consumed in the world). By using this high-power laser, it is now possible to generate all of the high-energy quantum beams (electrons, ions, gamma ray, neutron, positron).
This is a pulse compressor of LFEX using 16 sheets of the dielectric multilayer film diffraction grating of 91cm x 42cm.
Credit: Osaka University
Owing to such quantum beams with large current, we can make a big step forward not only for creating new fundamental technologies such as medical applications and non-destructive inspection of social infrastructures to contribute to our future life of longevity, safety, and security, but also for realization of laser fusion energy triggered by fast ignition.
Accomplishments include:
Enhancement of the Petawatt laser “LFEX” up to 2,000 trillion watts for one trillionth of one second.
High power output implemented by a 4-beam amplifier technology and the world’s highest performance dielectric multilayer diffraction grating of large diameter.
Big step forward for creating such new fundamental technologies as cancer therapy for medical applications and non-destructive inspection of bridges and buildings, to contribute to our future life of longevity, safety, and security, and for the realization of fast ignition as an energy resource.
Background and output of research
Petawatt lasers are used for study of basic science, generating such high-energy quantum beams as neutrons and ions, but only a few facilities in the world have Petawatt laser. So far, Petawatt lasers in the world have had relatively a small output (to a few tens of joules). ILE has achieved the world’s largest laser output of dozens of times those at other world-class lasers facilities (1,000 joules or more).
High power laser “LFEX” is one, that has been bringing together the best of Japanese optical technology, and greatly contributed to the improvement of the technical capabilities of domestic companies such as high precision polishing with the flatness of 0.1-micrometer on one-meter large diameter quartz glass material, high-strength multi-layer film, large flash lamp, high charge density high voltage capacitors, Faraday rotator using the world’s first superconducting magnet for nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Also, one-meter-class dielectric multilayer diffraction grating has been developed in “LFEX Laser” project, and is worldwide appreciated.
This is a panoramic view of amplifying section of LFEX, that is composed of four laser beams; the size of each beam has a rectangular of 37cm x 37cm. To realize the large-diameter laser beam, we have developed a large optical element.
Credit: Osaka University
This high output has been implemented by a 4-beam amplifier technology and the world’s highest performance dielectric multilayer diffraction grating of a large diameter. In addition, to bring out the performance of Petawatt laser most effectively, the first rising of the laser pulse should be steep enough. For example, the laser pulse is expected to stand steep in its temporal evolution just as Tokyo Sky Tree stands high to flat, instead of the Tokyo Tower, which spreads the scaffolding to the hilly area. LFEX laser has thus first succeeded to suppress undesirable extra lights (noise), that exist in front of the main pulse, by a factor of ten order of magnitudes compared to the pulse peak (10-digit pulse contrast). The height of the noise is equivalent to the size of the influenza virus to the whole height of the Sky Tree.
Diffraction grating is an optical element, that produces spectral decomposition of light by utilizing the diffraction by grating-like pattern. Its effect is the same as the prism, and people should often have the experience to decompose the sunlight into various colors. In order to obtain inexpensive gastric diffraction efficiency, the surface of the diffraction grating is generally coated with a thin film of gold or silver, but it will be less effective against strong laser light. The dielectric multilayer film is a coating with a high strength for the high intensity light to efficiently reflect intense light such as a laser. One can make a diffraction grating of high laser strength by subjecting dielectric multilayer film on the back surface of the diffraction grating. In “LFEX laser”, as the last of the optical element which the laser energy is maximized, it is used to reduce a pulse one trillionth of a second (1 picosecond).
Taking all the advanced high-power-laser technologies, we have completed the Petawatt laser “LFEX”, that can be now available to study basic science and practical applications even deeper than earlier.
Impact of this research (the significance of this research)
ILE has been promoting a variety of studies using high-power laser is, as a joint use and joint research center. “LFEX laser” enables us to generate high energy pulses of quantum beams with large current, and one can expect such medical applications as particle beam cancer therapy and non-destructive inspection for bridges and etc. (or defect inspection by gamma-ray beam and neutrons).
Furthermore, it is expected that the fast ignition scheme proposed by ILE, Osaka, will produce fusion energy with a relatively small laser system. The heating laser, which is indispensable for the fast ignition, can be now realized with the help of all the high-techs used for LFEX. It is thus largely expected that a break through will be made in the research of laser fusion.
